Clamp plates
Clamp plate is an optional component used for fixing the rail to the rail base plate mostly in case of rails which are laid on wooden sleeper (for rails which are fixed directly to the concrete sleeper, elastic fastening components like clips or tension clamps are used rather than the rigid clamp plates).
On the railway lines operated by the Hungarian National Railways clamp plates are still used as part of the so called GEO fastening system with UIC 54 or S49/MÁV48 rails, although while GEO fastening system is still maintained, clamp plates are partly replaced by tension clamps. The most commonly used clamp plate models in the Hungarian railway tracks are the types Kp3 and Zs4. Type Kp3 may be used with all types of rails S49/MÁV48, 54E1 (UIC54) as well as 60E1 (UIC60) while Zs4 can be used only with rail type S49/MÁV48).